Reading: Heaven and earth

Here’s a short reading from a Dongba scripture: Heaven and earth, and which appears in the book Tongsu Dongbawen 通俗东巴文 ‘Popular Dongba Script’, by He Limin. Written from left to right.

 heavenandearth

Now listen to the Naxi, as read by Li Jingsheng, native of Lijiang, and distinguished Naxi researcher. The first three characters (the title: Heaven and earth) are not read.

The translation should go something like this:

Heaven and earth

In the high heavens, the stars appear;

the stars shine bright today.

On the broad earth, the grass grows;

the grass is green today.

Line by line:

HE1

Naxi: mɯ33 ne33 dy21

Word-for-word: sky / and (phonetic loan, from ‘amaranth’) / earth

Translation: Heaven and earth

 HE2

Naxi mɯ33 ʂua2121 tʂ’ɪ33 dzɪ33

Word-for-word: sky / high / star / these (phonetic loan, from ‘to hang’) / appear (phonetic loan, from ‘perimeter wall’)

Translation: In the high heavens, the stars appear.

 HE3

Naxi: kɯ21 dzɪ33 tʂ’ɪ33 ŋi33 ɤɯ33

Word-for-word: star / appear / today / bright (phonetic loan, from ‘camellia”)

Translation: the stars shine bright today.

 HE4

Naxi: dy2121 ʐə21 tʂ’ɪ33 y21

Word-for-word: earth / large / grass / this / grow (phonetic loan, from ‘monkey’)

Translation: On the broad earth, the grass grows;

 HE5

Naxi: ʐə21 y21 tʂ’ɪ33 ŋi33 hər21

Word-for-word: grass /grow / today / green

Translation: the grass is green today.

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